Reference

Prior to a data import, the reference related to the data has to be defined in the reference table. If a paper has a persistent identifier (DOI), it is entered in the URI-field; if no identifier exists, a link to the paper in pdf-format might be given instead (see the pdf-article on how to prepare and link pdf-files for Pangaea). To add a new reference in 4D, click on Reference, click new and fill out the fields as defined below:


 * Author(s): Names must already be defined in the staff table and will be added by multiple choice selection
 * Title: full title; no abbreviations, no full stop at end
 * Source: full text, journal title not abbreviated, institutes with town/country - examples:
 * Journals - Journal of Geophysical Research
 * Periodicals - Reports on Polar an Marine Research, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven (title, institute and home location)
 * Books - In: Bleil, U & Thiede, J (eds.), Geological History of the Polar Oceans, NATO ASI Series, Kluwer Academic Publishers, London
 * Institutes - Facultad de Pesqueria, Universidad Nacional Agriaria La Molina, Lima, Peru


 * URI: should be a DOI, urn:nbn, hdl etc. or any other persistent identifier (add the 'protocol' to the URI with ':', e.g.
 * (since 2007 not used anymore by Copernicus/EGU)
 * pdf-files should be stored in the publication repository ePIC which provides a handle for persistent linking in the URI field.
 * Avoid links to web pages!
 * Link the reference via a handle when ever available!
 * Avoid links to web pages!
 * Link the reference via a handle when ever available!


 * Volume: 53(2); set to 'submitted' or 'in press' if not yet published
 * Pages: 34-67 or 123 pp for complete books, thesis, reports etc.
 * Year: 1998; for papers 'submitted' or 'in press' leave out
 * Serial No (optional): proprietary publication number, e.g. AWI publ No 1234 or PKDB56789
 * Type: choose as appropriate from the choice list
 * Keywords: select from thesaurus or define new as required
 * The Data sets window lists related data sets with ID and title.

If using copy/paste to enter new references, avoid to add carriage returns or redundant spaces.

A list of several references can be imported as ASCII-file with tab-delimited columns in the format and header as defined in the 'IMPORT FORM FOR REFERENCES' by using Menue File/Import, choose References. Authors are also recognized by staff IDs. Author in the import list will be recognized if:
 * name and first name are identical, notification if several similar names
 * name and initials are identical, notification if several similar
 * name identical and initial identical with initial of first name (first letters of several first names are added for comparison)
 * name identical and 1. initial identical with initial of 1. first name (only if no other similar names are archived, e.g. Shackelton, N is recognized because Shackelton, Nicholas J is the only record with name Shackelton in the staff list.

For the reference management software EndNote X an export style is provided:.

During data import, the relation between a data set and its reference is set. One to many references can be related to a data set but in principle, real primary data should be supplementary to one reference only. If more references are added by using the multiple choice window, the first reference is the one the data are supplementary to and which becomes part of the citation. Any further list of references might be added in data publications or data compilations.

Supplementary data should be submitted and imported before a paper is in press. After import and proofread of the data, the author is provided with a DOI for data citation/identification to be used in the publication. The paper should not just refer to the Pangaea domain, but give the link precisely pointing to the relevant data.

Examples:
 * as a link to one specific data set or
 * as a link to a number of data sets (childs), grouped in a parent set or
 * http://www.pangaea.de/search?q=@Ref896 (896 is the PANGAEA internal reference ID) to show many data sets related to a publication without a parent definition. This link may be used if many data sets (some thousand) are related to one reference.

For refering in a publication to its primary data, the author should refer to the data by using a note like: Supplementary data are available at 

Links

 * Connotea Free online reference management (provided by Nature)
 * refbase Web Reference Database
 * example: Literature Database SK Ozeanographie